About this quiz
50 questions covering every section of the note on the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, excretory and skeletal systems, blood, hormones, vitamins and minerals, communicable diseases and first aid.
This Lok Sewa practice set has 50 multiple-choice questions (Subject: Science and Technology · For: Kharidar, Nayab Subba, Section Officer · Level: Easy). Take the quiz above first; after that, use the study list below to revise every question with its correct answer and a short explanation.
Study list: all 50 questions with answers and explanations
In which part of the digestive canal does most digestion and absorption of food take place?
- A) Small intestine ✔
- B) Stomach
- C) Large intestine
- D) Oesophagus
Why: The small intestine is the longest part of the canal, and its villi absorb most of the digested food.
Which organ is the largest gland of the body and makes bile?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Gall bladder
- C) Liver ✔
- D) Thyroid
Why: The liver is the largest gland; it makes bile, which is stored in the gall bladder.
Where in the lungs does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place?
- A) Trachea
- B) Alveoli ✔
- C) Larynx
- D) Diaphragm
Why: The tiny air sacs called alveoli are where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it.
What is the diaphragm?
- A) A gland in the neck
- B) A part of the brain
- C) A valve of the heart
- D) A dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that helps breathing ✔
Why: The diaphragm moves down when we breathe in and up when we breathe out.
How many chambers does the human heart have?
- A) Two
- B) Three
- C) Four ✔
- D) Five
Why: The heart has two upper atria and two lower ventricles.
Which blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs?
- A) Pulmonary artery ✔
- B) Pulmonary vein
- C) Capillary of the skin
- D) Main vein of the leg
Why: The pulmonary artery is the exception among arteries because it carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination of movements?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Medulla oblongata
- C) Spinal cord
- D) Cerebellum ✔
Why: The cerebellum keeps the body balanced and coordinates movements.
Involuntary actions such as heartbeat and breathing are controlled by which part?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Medulla oblongata ✔
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Thyroid
Why: The medulla oblongata controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing.
What is the working unit of the kidney?
- A) Neuron
- B) Nephron ✔
- C) Alveolus
- D) Villus
Why: Each kidney has many nephrons that filter blood and form urine.
Cleaning the blood with a machine when both kidneys fail is called what?
- A) Transfusion
- B) Vaccination
- C) Dialysis ✔
- D) Respiration
Why: Dialysis removes waste from the blood when the kidneys can no longer do it.
How many bones are there in the body of an adult human?
- A) 206 ✔
- B) 212
- C) 196
- D) 300
Why: An adult human skeleton has 206 bones.
Which is the smallest bone of the human body?
- A) Femur
- B) Rib
- C) Skull bone
- D) Stapes ✔
Why: The stapes, in the middle ear, is the smallest bone; the femur is the longest.
Which substance in red blood cells carries oxygen?
- A) Plasma
- B) Insulin
- C) Bile
- D) Haemoglobin ✔
Why: Haemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in RBCs that carries oxygen.
Which blood group is called the universal donor?
- A) AB positive
- B) O negative ✔
- C) A positive
- D) B negative
Why: O negative red cells can be given to people of any group in an emergency.
Which part of the blood helps it to clot at a wound?
- A) Platelets ✔
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Plasma
- D) Haemoglobin
Why: Platelets help form a clot that stops bleeding.
Which gland is called the master gland?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Adrenal
- C) Pituitary ✔
- D) Pancreas
Why: The pituitary controls the working of many other glands, so it is called the master gland.
Lack of which hormone causes diabetes?
- A) Adrenaline
- B) Thyroxine
- C) Insulin ✔
- D) Testosterone
Why: Insulin from the pancreas lowers blood sugar; when it is lacking or not used properly, diabetes results.
Which hormone is known as the fight or flight hormone?
- A) Oestrogen
- B) Thyroxine
- C) Growth hormone
- D) Adrenaline ✔
Why: Adrenaline from the adrenal gland prepares the body to face emergencies.
Bleeding gums caused by scurvy are due to lack of which vitamin?
- A) Vitamin C ✔
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin K
Why: Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy; lemon, orange and amla are good sources.
Rickets in children is caused by deficiency of which vitamin?
- A) Vitamin B1
- B) Vitamin D ✔
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin A
Why: Lack of vitamin D weakens bones and causes rickets; sunlight helps the body make vitamin D.
Goitre is caused by lack of which mineral in the diet?
- A) Iron
- B) Calcium
- C) Sodium
- D) Iodine ✔
Why: The thyroid needs iodine to make thyroxine; lack of iodine causes goitre.
Which group contains only fat-soluble vitamins?
- A) A, D, E and K ✔
- B) B and C
- C) A, B, C and D
- D) C, D, E and K
Why: Vitamins A, D, E and K dissolve in fat; vitamins B and C dissolve in water.
Malaria is caused by which kind of organism?
- A) Bacteria
- B) Virus
- C) Protozoa ✔
- D) Fungus
Why: Malaria is caused by a protozoan parasite spread by the female Anopheles mosquito.
Dengue is spread by which mosquito?
- A) Anopheles
- B) Aedes ✔
- C) Culex
- D) Sandfly
Why: Dengue, a viral disease, is spread by the Aedes mosquito; sandflies spread kala-azar.
What is the correct first aid for a minor burn?
- A) Hold it under cool, clean running water for several minutes ✔
- B) Apply toothpaste on it
- C) Rub oil on it
- D) Put ice directly on it
Why: Cool running water reduces heat and pain; toothpaste, oil and ice can harm the skin.
Digestion of starch begins in the:
- A) Mouth ✔
- B) Stomach
- C) Large intestine
- D) Liver
Why: Salivary amylase.
Bile is produced by the:
- A) Liver ✔
- B) Gall bladder
- C) Pancreas
- D) Stomach
Why: Stored in gall bladder.
Which acid is present in the stomach?
- A) Hydrochloric acid ✔
- B) Sulphuric acid
- C) Nitric acid
- D) Acetic acid
Why: HCl.
The largest bone in the human body is the:
- A) Femur ✔
- B) Tibia
- C) Humerus
- D) Stapes
Why: Thigh bone.
The largest organ of the human body is the:
- A) Skin ✔
- B) Liver
- C) Brain
- D) Lungs
Why: Skin.
Normal human body temperature is about:
- A) 37 °C ✔
- B) 32 °C
- C) 40 °C
- D) 35 °C
Why: 98.6 °F.
Normal adult blood pressure is about:
- A) 120/80 mm Hg ✔
- B) 160/100
- C) 90/40
- D) 200/120
Why: Systolic/diastolic.
Normal resting heart rate of an adult is about:
- A) 72 beats per minute ✔
- B) 40
- C) 120
- D) 150
Why: 60–100 range.
Red blood cells are produced in the:
- A) Bone marrow ✔
- B) Liver
- C) Heart
- D) Kidney
Why: Red bone marrow.
Which blood cells fight infection?
- A) White blood cells ✔
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
Why: WBCs.
Which blood group is the universal recipient?
- A) AB positive ✔
- B) O negative
- C) A
- D) B
Why: AB+.
The pulmonary vein carries:
- A) Oxygenated blood to the heart ✔
- B) Deoxygenated blood
- C) Lymph
- D) Bile
Why: Exception among veins.
The largest artery is the:
- A) Aorta ✔
- B) Pulmonary artery
- C) Carotid
- D) Femoral
Why: Aorta.
The cerebrum controls:
- A) Thinking, memory and voluntary actions ✔
- B) Balance only
- C) Breathing only
- D) Digestion
Why: Largest part.
The basic unit of the nervous system is the:
- A) Neuron ✔
- B) Nephron
- C) Alveolus
- D) Villus
Why: Nerve cell.
Insulin is produced by the:
- A) Pancreas ✔
- B) Liver
- C) Thyroid
- D) Adrenal gland
Why: Islets of Langerhans.
Thyroxine is produced by the:
- A) Thyroid gland ✔
- B) Pituitary
- C) Adrenal
- D) Pancreas
Why: Needs iodine.
An adult human has how many teeth?
- A) 32 ✔
- B) 28
- C) 20
- D) 36
Why: Permanent teeth.
A child has how many milk teeth?
- A) 20 ✔
- B) 32
- C) 24
- D) 16
Why: Deciduous teeth.
Urine is formed in the:
- A) Kidneys ✔
- B) Bladder
- C) Liver
- D) Intestine
Why: Stored in bladder.
Night blindness is due to lack of vitamin:
- A) A ✔
- B) B1
- C) C
- D) D
Why: Vitamin A.
Vitamin K helps in:
- A) Blood clotting ✔
- B) Vision
- C) Bone growth
- D) Digestion
Why: Clotting.
Typhoid is caused by:
- A) Bacteria ✔
- B) Virus
- C) Fungus
- D) Protozoa
Why: Salmonella typhi.
AIDS is caused by:
- A) HIV (virus) ✔
- B) Bacteria
- C) Fungus
- D) Worm
Why: HIV.
The voice box is called the:
- A) Larynx ✔
- B) Pharynx
- C) Trachea
- D) Bronchus
Why: Larynx.