About this quiz
50 questions covering every section of the note.
This Lok Sewa practice set has 50 multiple-choice questions (Subject: Geography of Nepal · For: Kharidar, Nayab Subba, Section Officer · Level: Easy). Take the quiz above first; after that, use the study list below to revise every question with its correct answer and a short explanation.
Study list: all 50 questions with answers and explanations
The Earth rotates from:
- A) East to west
- B) West to east ✔
- C) North to south
- D) South to north
Why: The Earth rotates from west to east, which is why the Sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.
Day and night are caused by the Earth's:
- A) Revolution
- B) Rotation ✔
- C) Tilt only
- D) Gravity
Why: Day and night are caused by rotation: the Earth spins once on its axis about every 24 hours, so each side faces the Sun in turn.
Seasons are caused by revolution and the Earth's:
- A) Tilted axis ✔
- B) Rotation only
- C) Moon
- D) Oceans
Why: Seasons happen because the Earth's tilted axis points the same way as it goes round the Sun, so each hemisphere gets more direct sunlight at different times of year.
The Earth's axis is tilted by about:
- A) 10°
- B) 23.5° ✔
- C) 45°
- D) 66.5°
Why: The Earth's axis is tilted about 23.5° from the vertical. This tilt sets the latitudes of the tropics and polar circles.
The latitude of the Tropic of Cancer is:
- A) 0°
- B) 23.5° N ✔
- C) 23.5° S
- D) 66.5° N
Why: The Tropic of Cancer is at 23.5° N, the farthest north the Sun is directly overhead (around 21 June).
The Arctic Circle lies at:
- A) 23.5° N
- B) 45° N
- C) 66.5° N ✔
- D) 90° N
Why: The Arctic Circle is at 66.5° N (90° − 23.5°). North of it, there is at least one day a year of 24-hour daylight or darkness.
The Prime Meridian passes through:
- A) Paris
- B) Greenwich ✔
- C) New York
- D) Tokyo
Why: The Prime Meridian (0° longitude) passes through Greenwich in London, where time zones are measured from.
The International Date Line is roughly along:
- A) 0°
- B) 90° E
- C) 180° ✔
- D) 90° W
Why: The International Date Line roughly follows 180° longitude in the Pacific, bending around some islands.
How much time difference does 15° of longitude make?
- A) 4 minutes
- B) 30 minutes
- C) 1 hour ✔
- D) 2 hours
Why: The Earth turns 360° in 24 hours, so 15° equals 1 hour (360 ÷ 24 = 15).
How much time difference does 1° of longitude make?
- A) 1 minute
- B) 4 minutes ✔
- C) 15 minutes
- D) 1 hour
Why: Each 1° of longitude equals 4 minutes of time (60 minutes ÷ 15°).
Nepal Standard Time is:
- A) GMT +5:30
- B) GMT +5:45 ✔
- C) GMT +6:00
- D) GMT +5:00
Why: Nepal Standard Time is GMT/UTC + 5:45, one of the few time zones with a 45-minute offset.
Nepal Standard Time is based on which longitude?
- A) 82° 30' E
- B) 86° 15' E ✔
- C) 80° 4' E
- D) 88° 12' E
Why: Nepal's time is based on 86°15′ E: 86.25 × 4 minutes = 345 minutes = 5 hours 45 minutes ahead of GMT.
How far ahead is Nepal's time compared with India's?
- A) 15 minutes ✔
- B) 30 minutes
- C) 45 minutes
- D) 1 hour
Why: India uses GMT + 5:30 and Nepal GMT + 5:45, so Nepal is 15 minutes ahead.
The longest day in the Northern Hemisphere is around:
- A) 21 March
- B) 21 June ✔
- C) 23 September
- D) 22 December
Why: Around 21 June (summer solstice) the Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, giving the longest day in the Northern Hemisphere.
On the equinoxes, the Sun is overhead at the:
- A) Tropic of Cancer
- B) Equator ✔
- C) Tropic of Capricorn
- D) North Pole
Why: On the equinoxes (about 21 March and 23 September) the Sun is overhead at the Equator, and day and night are nearly equal everywhere.
All weather happens in the:
- A) Troposphere ✔
- B) Stratosphere
- C) Mesosphere
- D) Exosphere
Why: All weather (clouds, rain, storms) happens in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere, up to about 8–18 km.
The ozone layer is found in the:
- A) Troposphere
- B) Stratosphere ✔
- C) Thermosphere
- D) Exosphere
Why: The ozone layer is in the stratosphere, about 15–35 km up, where it absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays.
Radio waves are reflected by the ionosphere in the:
- A) Thermosphere ✔
- B) Troposphere
- C) Mesosphere
- D) Stratosphere
Why: The ionosphere, mainly in the thermosphere, has charged particles that reflect radio waves back to Earth, helping long-distance radio.
The innermost layer of the Earth is the:
- A) Crust
- B) Mantle
- C) Core ✔
- D) Lithosphere
Why: The core is the innermost layer, made mostly of iron and nickel, with a liquid outer core and a solid inner core.
The mean radius of the Earth is about:
- A) 3,400 km
- B) 6,371 km ✔
- C) 12,742 km
- D) 40,075 km
Why: The Earth's mean radius is about 6,371 km.
The shape of the Earth is called a:
- A) Geoid ✔
- B) Perfect sphere
- C) Cube
- D) Cylinder
Why: The Earth is a geoid: roughly a sphere, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the Equator.
The Earth's circumference at the equator is about:
- A) 40,075 km ✔
- B) 6,371 km
- C) 12,742 km
- D) 150,000 km
Why: The Earth's circumference at the Equator is about 40,075 km.
How many oceans are there?
- A) 5 ✔
- B) 7
- C) 4
- D) 3
Why: There are 5 oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic) and Arctic. The Pacific is the largest.
The Equator divides the Earth into:
- A) Northern and Southern Hemispheres ✔
- B) Eastern and Western Hemispheres
- C) Land and water
- D) Day and night
Why: The Equator (0° latitude) divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
The Tropic of Capricorn lies at:
- A) 23.5° S ✔
- B) 23.5° N
- C) 66.5° S
- D) 0°
Why: The Tropic of Capricorn is at 23.5° S, where the Sun is overhead around 22 December.
The Antarctic Circle lies at:
- A) 66.5° S ✔
- B) 66.5° N
- C) 23.5° S
- D) 90° S
Why: The Antarctic Circle is at 66.5° S.
The poles are at:
- A) 90° N and 90° S ✔
- B) 0°
- C) 45° N and S
- D) 180°
Why: The North Pole is at 90° N and the South Pole at 90° S, the ends of the Earth's axis.
Nepal lies roughly between which latitudes?
- A) 26° 22' N and 30° 27' N ✔
- B) 0° and 10° N
- C) 40° N and 50° N
- D) 10° S and 20° S
Why: Nepal lies between about 26°22′ N and 30°27′ N latitude.
Nepal lies just north of the:
- A) Tropic of Cancer ✔
- B) Equator
- C) Arctic Circle
- D) Tropic of Capricorn
Why: The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) passes through India, so Nepal (from 26°22′ N) lies just north of it.
Time at Greenwich is called:
- A) GMT ✔
- B) IST
- C) NST
- D) UTC+5:45
Why: Time at Greenwich (0°) is Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), now usually called UTC.
Crossing the International Date Line changes the date by:
- A) One day ✔
- B) One hour
- C) One week
- D) Nothing
Why: Crossing the Date Line changes the date by one day: going west you add a day, going east you subtract a day.
Places east of Greenwich are:
- A) Ahead in time ✔
- B) Behind in time
- C) At the same time
- D) Without time
Why: Places east of Greenwich see the Sun earlier, so their time is ahead of GMT. Nepal (east) is ahead by 5:45.
Nepal lies roughly between which longitudes?
- A) 80° 4' E and 88° 12' E ✔
- B) 0° and 10° E
- C) 100° E and 110° E
- D) 60° W and 70° W
Why: Nepal lies between about 80°4′ E and 88°12′ E longitude.
The standard meridian of Nepal passes near:
- A) Gaurishankar ✔
- B) Everest
- C) Kanchenjunga
- D) Dhaulagiri
Why: Nepal's standard meridian (86°15′ E) passes near Mount Gaurishankar in Dolakha.
If it is 12:00 noon at Greenwich, the time in Nepal is:
- A) 5:45 pm ✔
- B) 6:15 am
- C) 12:00 noon
- D) 5:15 pm
Why: Nepal is 5 h 45 min ahead, so 12:00 + 5:45 = 5:45 pm.
A place 30° east of Greenwich is ahead by:
- A) 2 hours ✔
- B) 30 minutes
- C) 1 hour
- D) 3 hours
Why: 30° × 4 minutes = 120 minutes = 2 hours ahead.
A place 45° west of Greenwich is:
- A) 3 hours behind ✔
- B) 3 hours ahead
- C) 45 minutes behind
- D) 1 hour behind
Why: 45° × 4 minutes = 180 minutes = 3 hours. West means behind, so it is 3 hours behind.
The winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere is around:
- A) 22 December ✔
- B) 21 June
- C) 21 March
- D) 23 September
Why: Around 22 December the Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn, giving the shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere.
On the summer solstice the Sun is overhead at the:
- A) Tropic of Cancer ✔
- B) Tropic of Capricorn
- C) Equator
- D) Arctic Circle
Why: On the June solstice the Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N).
The spring (vernal) equinox is around:
- A) 21 March ✔
- B) 21 June
- C) 23 September
- D) 22 December
Why: The spring equinox is around 21 March, when day and night are about equal.
The autumn equinox is around:
- A) 23 September ✔
- B) 21 March
- C) 21 June
- D) 22 December
Why: The autumn equinox is around 23 September.
The thin outer layer of the Earth where we live is the:
- A) Crust ✔
- B) Mantle
- C) Core
- D) Exosphere
Why: The crust is the thin outer layer: about 5–10 km under oceans and 30–70 km under continents.
The thick, hot, partly molten layer is the:
- A) Mantle ✔
- B) Crust
- C) Inner core
- D) Troposphere
Why: The mantle lies between crust and core. Its slow movement drives plate tectonics, which formed the Himalaya.
The Earth's core is made mainly of:
- A) Iron and nickel ✔
- B) Silicon and oxygen
- C) Gold and silver
- D) Carbon
Why: The core is mainly iron and nickel, which is why it is sometimes called NIFE (Ni + Fe).
The outer core of the Earth is:
- A) Liquid ✔
- B) Solid
- C) Gas
- D) Plasma
Why: The outer core is liquid metal. Its movement creates the Earth's magnetic field. The inner core is solid.
The coldest layer of the atmosphere, where meteors burn, is the:
- A) Mesosphere ✔
- B) Troposphere
- C) Stratosphere
- D) Thermosphere
Why: The mesosphere (about 50–85 km) is the coldest layer, and most meteors burn up there.
The outermost layer of the atmosphere is the:
- A) Exosphere ✔
- B) Mesosphere
- C) Troposphere
- D) Stratosphere
Why: The exosphere is the outermost layer, where the atmosphere fades into space and many satellites orbit.
The ozone layer absorbs harmful:
- A) Ultraviolet rays ✔
- B) Radio waves
- C) Sound waves
- D) Infrared only
Why: Ozone absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays, which cause skin cancer and eye damage.
Revolution of the Earth takes about:
- A) 365¼ days ✔
- B) 24 hours
- C) 30 days
- D) 12 hours
Why: One revolution round the Sun takes about 365¼ days. The extra quarter day adds up to a leap day every four years.
Lines of latitude run:
- A) East–west ✔
- B) North–south
- C) Diagonally
- D) In circles through the poles
Why: Lines of latitude (parallels) run east–west around the Earth and measure distance north or south of the Equator.