About this quiz
GESI concepts, constitutional rights, inclusion and reservations.
This Lok Sewa practice set has 50 multiple-choice questions (Subject: Governance and Contemporary Issues · For: Section Officer, Nayab Subba · Level: Medium). Take the quiz above first; after that, use the study list below to revise every question with its correct answer and a short explanation.
Study list: all 50 questions with answers and explanations
GESI stands for:
- A) General Education and Social Investment
- B) Government Employment and Service Index
- C) Gender Equality and Social Inclusion ✔
- D) Gender Equity and Service Inclusion
Why: GESI stands for Gender Equality and Social Inclusion: equal rights for women and men, and removing barriers for excluded groups.
Fair treatment based on different needs, sometimes with special measures, is:
- A) Gender equality
- B) Gender bias
- C) Gender neutrality
- D) Gender equity ✔
Why: Gender equity means fair treatment based on different needs, which can include special measures. Equality means the same rights and opportunities.
Special measures like reservation for disadvantaged groups are called:
- A) Affirmative action ✔
- B) Privatisation
- C) Deregulation
- D) Centralisation
Why: Affirmative action means special measures, such as reserved seats or quotas, to help historically disadvantaged groups catch up.
Planning the budget so that it benefits women and men fairly is:
- A) Zero-based budgeting
- B) Gender-responsive budgeting ✔
- C) Deficit budgeting
- D) Performance budgeting
Why: Gender-responsive budgeting plans and checks the budget so that its benefits reach women and men fairly.
Gender-responsive budgeting started in Nepal in FY:
- A) 2050/51
- B) 2072/73
- C) 2064/65 ✔
- D) 2080/81
Why: Nepal started gender-responsive budgeting in FY 2064/65, classifying programmes by how much they benefit women.
Women's rights are in which Article of the Constitution of Nepal?
- A) 39
- B) 40
- C) 42
- D) 38 ✔
Why: Article 38 of the Constitution of Nepal guarantees the rights of women, including equal ancestral property rights and representation.
Rights of Dalits are in Article:
- A) 40 ✔
- B) 38
- C) 42
- D) 45
Why: Article 40 sets out the rights of Dalits, including representation, free education and protection from untouchability.
The right to social justice is in Article:
- A) 40
- B) 42 ✔
- C) 38
- D) 31
Why: Article 42 gives the right to social justice: backward and excluded groups may take part in state bodies on the basis of inclusion.
The minimum share of women in the Federal Parliament is:
- A) One-fourth
- B) One-half
- C) One-third ✔
- D) One-fifth
Why: The Constitution requires at least one-third women in the Federal Parliament (Article 84 and 86).
The President and Vice-President must be:
- A) From the same party
- B) From the same province
- C) Above 60 years
- D) Of different sex or community ✔
Why: Article 70 says the President and Vice-President must be of different sex or community.
The Speaker and Deputy Speaker must be:
- A) Of different sex or community ✔
- B) From the same party
- C) Both women
- D) Both men
Why: The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House must be of different sex or community, and from different parties.
The constitutional body for women is the:
- A) National Dalit Commission
- B) National Women Commission ✔
- C) Inclusion Commission
- D) Election Commission
Why: The National Women Commission (Article 252) is the constitutional body that protects and promotes women's rights.
The constitutional body that works for Dalit rights is the:
- A) National Women Commission
- B) CIAA
- C) National Dalit Commission ✔
- D) Public Service Commission
Why: The National Dalit Commission (Article 255) works for the rights and interests of Dalits.
The commission that works for the inclusion of marginalised groups is the:
- A) Election Commission
- B) Auditor General
- C) Finance Commission
- D) National Inclusion Commission ✔
Why: The National Inclusion Commission (Article 258) works for the inclusion of marginalised and backward groups.
Which is NOT one of the inclusion-related constitutional commissions?
- A) Election Commission ✔
- B) Tharu Commission
- C) Muslim Commission
- D) Madhesi Commission
Why: The Election Commission runs elections. The Tharu, Muslim and Madhesi Commissions are inclusion-related commissions.
In the civil service, what share of open-competition posts is reserved?
- A) 33%
- B) 45% ✔
- C) 50%
- D) 25%
Why: Under the Civil Service Act, 2049, 45% of open-competition posts are reserved for inclusion groups.
Within the reserved posts, women get:
- A) 27%
- B) 22%
- C) 33% ✔
- D) 45%
Why: Of the reserved 45%, women get 33%.
Within the reserved posts, Adibasi/Janajati get:
- A) 33%
- B) 22%
- C) 9%
- D) 27% ✔
Why: Of the reserved 45%, Adibasi/Janajati get 27%.
Within the reserved posts, Madhesi get:
- A) 22% ✔
- B) 27%
- C) 9%
- D) 5%
Why: Of the reserved 45%, Madhesi get 22%.
Within the reserved posts, Dalits get:
- A) 5%
- B) 9% ✔
- C) 4%
- D) 22%
Why: Of the reserved 45%, Dalits get 9%.
Within the reserved posts, persons with disabilities get:
- A) 4%
- B) 9%
- C) 5% ✔
- D) 3%
Why: Of the reserved 45%, persons with disabilities get 5%.
Within the reserved posts, backward areas get:
- A) 5%
- B) 9%
- C) 2%
- D) 4% ✔
Why: Of the reserved 45%, backward areas get 4%.
CEDAW is an international convention on:
- A) Elimination of discrimination against women ✔
- B) Child labour only
- C) Climate change
- D) Trade
Why: CEDAW is the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.
Nepal ratified CEDAW in:
- A) 1979
- B) 1991 ✔
- C) 2007
- D) 2015
Why: Nepal ratified CEDAW in 1991.
CEDAW was adopted by the UN General Assembly in:
- A) 1991
- B) 1995
- C) 1979 ✔
- D) 1948
Why: The UN General Assembly adopted CEDAW in 1979.
The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action on women was adopted in:
- A) 1979
- B) 2000
- C) 2015
- D) 1995 ✔
Why: The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action was adopted at the Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995.
The law on domestic violence in Nepal is the Domestic Violence (Offence and Punishment) Act of:
- A) 2066 BS ✔
- B) 2054 BS
- C) 2074 BS
- D) 2048 BS
Why: The Domestic Violence (Offence and Punishment) Act was passed in 2066 BS.
The law against untouchability is the Caste-based Discrimination and Untouchability (Offence and Punishment) Act of:
- A) 2063 BS
- B) 2068 BS ✔
- C) 2072 BS
- D) 2075 BS
Why: The Caste-based Discrimination and Untouchability (Offence and Punishment) Act was passed in 2068 BS.
The law on disability rights in Nepal is the Act Relating to Rights of Persons with Disabilities of:
- A) 2063 BS
- B) 2055 BS
- C) 2074 BS ✔
- D) 2080 BS
Why: The Act Relating to Rights of Persons with Disabilities was passed in 2074 BS.
The Supreme Court of Nepal recognised a third gender category in:
- A) 1990
- B) 2015
- C) 2020
- D) 2007 ✔
Why: In 2007 the Supreme Court (Sunil Babu Pant case) ordered the government to recognise a third gender category.
International Women's Day is celebrated on:
- A) 8 March ✔
- B) 1 May
- C) 5 June
- D) 10 December
Why: International Women's Day is celebrated on 8 March.
Chhaupadi under Nepal's Criminal Code 2074 is:
- A) A legal tradition
- B) A punishable offence ✔
- C) Encouraged
- D) Allowed in villages
Why: The Criminal Code, 2074 makes forcing women into chhaupadi (isolation during menstruation) a punishable offence.
Each ward committee must include how many women members?
- A) One
- B) Three
- C) Two (one of them a Dalit woman) ✔
- D) None
Why: Each ward committee must include two women members, one of whom must be a Dalit woman.
For mayor and deputy mayor, political parties must field candidates of:
- A) Same sex
- B) Same caste
- C) Same age
- D) Different sex ✔
Why: Parties fielding candidates for mayor and deputy mayor must field people of different sex for the two posts.
Social inclusion mainly means:
- A) Removing barriers so excluded groups can participate ✔
- B) Excluding minorities
- C) Only economic growth
- D) Centralising power
Why: Social inclusion means removing barriers so that excluded groups can take part fully in society and decisions.
Which group is targeted by Article 42 social justice provisions?
- A) Only the rich
- B) Economically and socially backward groups ✔
- C) Only foreigners
- D) Only civil servants
Why: Article 42 targets economically and socially backward groups, giving them the right to participate in state bodies.
The age to be called a senior citizen in Nepal is:
- A) 65 years
- B) 70 years
- C) 60 years ✔
- D) 55 years
Why: Under the Senior Citizens Act, a person aged 60 or above is a senior citizen.
The Senior Citizens Act of Nepal is from:
- A) 2074 BS
- B) 2055 BS
- C) 2080 BS
- D) 2063 BS ✔
Why: The Senior Citizens Act was passed in 2063 BS.
Gender equality is SDG number:
- A) 5 ✔
- B) 4
- C) 10
- D) 16
Why: Gender equality is SDG 5.
Reducing inequalities is SDG number:
- A) 5
- B) 10 ✔
- C) 16
- D) 1
Why: Reducing inequality within and among countries is SDG 10.
A common barrier to women's participation in public life is:
- A) Too many opportunities
- B) Equal pay everywhere
- C) Social norms and unequal care work ✔
- D) High literacy
Why: Social norms and the unequal burden of care work at home keep many women out of public life.
Proportional representation in elections mainly helps:
- A) Exclusion of minorities
- B) Only big parties
- C) Single-party rule
- D) Inclusion of diverse groups ✔
Why: Proportional representation gives seats by vote share and uses inclusive lists, bringing more diverse groups into parliament.
Inclusive governance means:
- A) Including all groups in decision-making ✔
- B) Rule by one group
- C) Closed decisions
- D) No elections
Why: Inclusive governance means all groups have a voice and share in decision-making.
Collecting data separately for women and men is called:
- A) Aggregated data
- B) Sex-disaggregated data ✔
- C) Random data
- D) Census only
Why: Sex-disaggregated data is collected separately for women and men, so gaps between them can be seen.
A gender audit checks:
- A) Only financial accounts
- B) Only stock
- C) How well an organisation promotes gender equality ✔
- D) Only staff attendance
Why: A gender audit checks how well an organisation's policies, budget and practices promote gender equality.
Positive discrimination is another name for:
- A) Corruption
- B) Nepotism
- C) Centralisation
- D) Affirmative action ✔
Why: Affirmative action is also called positive discrimination.
The Tharu Commission is a:
- A) Constitutional commission ✔
- B) NGO
- C) Political party
- D) Bank
Why: The Tharu Commission is a constitutional commission under Article 262.
Madhesi Commission works for the rights of:
- A) Mountain communities only
- B) Madhesi communities ✔
- C) Foreign workers
- D) Civil servants
Why: The Madhesi Commission (Article 263) works for the rights of Madhesi communities.
Which right ensures equal property rights for sons and daughters?
- A) Right to food
- B) Right to housing
- C) Rights of women and the Civil Code ✔
- D) Right to privacy
Why: Article 38 and the Civil Code, 2074 give daughters equal rights with sons to ancestral property.
Social security allowances for single women and persons with disabilities are an example of:
- A) Taxation
- B) Privatisation
- C) Military spending
- D) Social protection ✔
Why: Allowances for single women, senior citizens and persons with disabilities are social protection.